Which type of contraction involves muscles shortening to overcome resistance?

The type of contraction that involves muscles shortening to overcome resistance is concentric contraction. In this process, the muscle fibers generate enough force to lift an object or move a body part against resistance, such as lifting a weight during bicep curls or pushing against a force. During concentric contraction, the muscle actively shortens as it exerts force, leading to movement at a joint.

Isometric contraction refers to a situation where the muscle exerts force without changing its length, meaning there is no movement at the joint despite the muscle working. Eccentric contraction occurs when the muscle lengthens while still under tension, typically when a muscle is resisting the force of gravity, such as lowering a weight slowly. Static contraction, similar to isometric, involves the muscle holding its position without any movement. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify how different muscle contractions function during various physical activities.