Which substances are known to predispose an athlete to heat illness?

The correct answer highlights substances that can significantly contribute to an athlete's risk of heat illness. Alcohol, for example, can dehydrate the body, impair thermoregulation, and decrease overall performance. Caffeine is a diuretic, leading to increased urine production which can also contribute to dehydration. Asthma medications, particularly certain bronchodilators, can affect heart rate and potentially impair heat dissipation under stress, which may predispose athletes to heat-related disorders.

These substances impact hydration levels and the body's ability to manage temperature effectively during physical exertion, especially in hot environments. Understanding the role of these substances is essential for athletes and trainers to implement strategies that mitigate the risk of heat illness and ensure optimal performance and safety during exercise.