Which subdivision of the autonomic nervous system prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses?

The sympathetic nervous system is the subdivision of the autonomic nervous system responsible for preparing the body for 'fight or flight' responses. This system activates physiological changes that help an individual respond to perceived dangers or stressful situations. It achieves this by increasing heart rate, dilating airways, and redirecting blood flow to muscles, which enhances physical performance and prepares the body to take action.

In contrast, the parasympathetic nervous system works to promote 'rest and digest' functions, calming the body after stressful situations. The cognitive nervous system isn’t a recognized subdivision of the autonomic nervous system and doesn’t pertain to autonomic functions. The somatic nervous system, though important for voluntary movements and sensory information, is separate from the involuntary control exercised by the autonomic divisions. Thus, the sympathetic nervous system is uniquely suited to activate the body’s emergency response mechanisms.