Which form of stretching has been found to improve running performance?

Dynamic stretching has been shown to improve running performance because it involves active movements that help increase blood flow, enhance flexibility, and activate the muscles that will be used during a run. This form of stretching mimics the activities that are about to be performed, thereby preparing the body for the demands of running.

By engaging in dynamic stretches, runners can improve their range of motion and activate their neuromuscular pathways, which is crucial for performance efficiency. This stimulation can lead to better coordination and muscle readiness, enabling athletes to run faster and with greater control.

Static, ballistic, and passive stretching methods do not provide the same preparatory benefits before running. Static stretching involves holding a position for an extended period, which can temporarily decrease muscle strength and power if performed immediately before a performance. Ballistic stretching uses momentum for greater range but can lead to injury due to its uncontrolled nature. Passive stretching relies on an external force to assist in the stretch, which may not actively engage the muscles in the way dynamic stretching does. Overall, dynamic stretching is the most effective choice for enhancing running performance.