Which elbow fracture is characterized by a distal segment being pushed up and back?

The correct choice identifies a supracondylar fracture as the type characterized by a distal segment being pushed up and back. This specific fracture typically occurs in the humerus just above the elbow joint and is most commonly seen in children due to falls where the arm is extended. When this type of fracture happens, the force applied to the elbow can result in the distal fragment being displaced posteriorly and posteriorly angulated, leading to the characteristic positioning described in the question.

The importance of recognizing a supracondylar fracture lies in its potential complications, including neurovascular injury and malunion, which can have long-term impacts on elbow function. Treating this type of fracture promptly and correctly is crucial to ensure proper alignment and healing, highlighting the need for athletic trainers to be familiar with the signs and implications of such injuries.