What pulse rate is sometimes observed in athletes who are physically fit and exercise regularly?

In physically fit athletes, it is common to observe a resting pulse rate that is less than 60 beats per minute, a condition known as bradycardia. This lower resting heart rate is a result of the heart becoming more efficient due to regular and intense cardiovascular exercise. As the heart grows stronger through training, it pumps a greater volume of blood with each heartbeat, allowing the body to maintain adequate circulation with fewer beats. This physiological adaptation is part of the body’s response to increased physical demands during exercise. Consequently, many elite athletes, especially endurance athletes like runners and cyclists, will often display a resting heart rate significantly below 60 bpm, underscoring their high level of fitness and cardiovascular efficiency.