What is the primary purpose of performing the hyperextension test on the elbow?

The primary purpose of performing the hyperextension test on the elbow is to test for ligamentous stability. This test specifically assesses the integrity and stability of the ligamentous structures around the elbow joint, particularly the anterior capsule and the ulnar collateral ligament. By evaluating how far the elbow can hyperextend, a clinician can determine whether there might be any laxity or instability present in these ligaments.

While assessing range of motion could be seen as a secondary benefit of the hyperextension test, the main focus is on identifying potential joint instability resulting from ligament injury or overuse. Evaluating muscle strength is not the main objective of this test, as it does not directly measure how well the muscles around the joint are functioning. Similarly, determining pain level, although important in a comprehensive assessment, is not the primary aim of the hyperextension test, which is specifically designed to evaluate the mechanical stability of the elbow joint.