What is the expected end-feel for elbow extension during active range of motion testing?

The expected end-feel for elbow extension during active range of motion testing is classified as hard. This is due to the bony approximation that occurs between the olecranon of the ulna fitting into the olecranon fossa of the humerus when the elbow is fully extended. The hard end-feel is characterized by a distinct stop or block, indicating that the joint has reached the limit of its range of motion. This is an important aspect to note in clinical assessments, as a hard end-feel suggests that the joint structures are intact and functioning normally without signs of pathology.

In contrast, a soft end-feel would indicate that there is tissue approximation instead of bony contact, while a firm end-feel is typically associated with capsular or ligamentous tension as seen in other joints. A loose end-feel would point towards a significant laxity or instability in the joint, which is not characteristic of a healthy elbow during extension. Understanding these end-feels helps healthcare professionals assess joint health and mobility accurately.