What critical role did athletic trainers fulfill as early as the late 19th century?

Athletic trainers in the late 19th century primarily focused on providing physical care to athletes, which included administering rub downs and basic treatment for injuries. During this time, the profession was still evolving, and the role of the athletic trainer was more practical and hands-on in nature. They were responsible for helping athletes recover from the physical stress of their activities, which often included massage and simple first-aid techniques. This attention to foundational care laid the groundwork for what would eventually develop into a more comprehensive approach to athletic training as we know it today. The other options, while relevant in the broader context of athletic training and sports science, were not the primary focus during this early period. Research, training programs, and dietary guidelines became more prevalent as the field matured.