What condition results from too much insulin or low blood sugar?

The correct answer is hypoglycemia, which occurs when there is an abnormally low level of glucose in the blood. When a person has too much insulin in their system, it can lead to a rapid decrease in blood sugar levels. Insulin facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells for energy, and excessive insulin can drive glucose levels down to a point where they are critically low. This condition is characterized by symptoms such as shakiness, confusion, sweating, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness or seizures.

Understanding hypoglycemia is crucial, especially for individuals with diabetes who manage their condition through insulin or medication, as being aware of the signs and symptoms can help them take corrective action before reaching a more critical state. The other options, such as hyperglycemia, insulin shock, and diabetic coma, refer to conditions associated with high blood sugar or severe blood sugar fluctuations, which are not applicable to the scenario of excess insulin causing low blood sugar.