What characterizes exertional heatstroke?

Exertional heatstroke is primarily characterized by severe central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities and a significantly elevated body temperature, typically exceeding 40°C (104°F). This condition arises when the body is unable to dissipate heat during intense physical activity, leading to a breakdown in thermoregulation. The CNS effects can include confusion, disorientation, seizures, and even loss of consciousness, reflecting the urgency of the situation.

The elevated body temperature and symptoms provide critical indicators for diagnosis and highlight the severe nature of this medical emergency. Immediate intervention, which typically includes rapid cooling and medical support, is essential to prevent long-term damage or fatality. Understanding these key characteristics helps athletic trainers and medical professionals recognize and address exertional heatstroke effectively.