An injury leading to loss of temperature sensation would likely relate to which syndrome?

The correct answer is associated with Brown-Sequard syndrome, which results from a hemisection (or partial transection) of the spinal cord. This particular syndrome often leads to a characteristic pattern of neurological deficits due to the differing pathways involved in sensory and motor functions. In Brown-Sequard syndrome, there is typically a loss of proprioception and touch sensation on the same side as the injury (ipsilateral), while pain and temperature sensations are lost on the opposite side (contralateral). This phenomenon occurs because the pathways for temperature sensation (spinothalamic tract) cross to the opposite side of the spinal cord shortly after entering, whereas proprioception and touch pathways (dorsal columns) remain on the same side until they reach the brain.

This differentiates it from the other syndromes listed in the choices. In central cord syndrome, motor deficits are more prominent in the upper extremities than in the lower, but it does not specifically lead to loss of temperature sensation. Anterior cord syndrome primarily affects motor function and pain and temperature sensation bilaterally but spares proprioception and light touch, while posterior cord syndrome results in loss of proprioception and fine touch, but not temperature sensation. Hence, Brown-Sequard syndrome is